Okonbiological control of the cassava mealybug, phenacoccus manihoti hom. Ant densities were much higher in the rain forest than in the savanna and. Una ning gihulagway ni matileferrero ni adtong 1977. Biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis on cotton. A production manage ment plan is needed for this region. Phenacoccus manihoti phenmaoverview eppo global database. Pseudococcidae has been the current topic of research for insect taxonomists and applied entomologists in india due to its invasiveness, rapid spread, morphological and biological variations and the need for establishing an effective control strategy. Effect of invasive pest phenacoccus manihoti matileferrero. Phenacoccus manihoti is a scale insect species in the early 1970s, the cassava mealybug p. Pseudococcidae in cassava, international journal of environment agriculture and biotechnology,vol.
Mar 15, 2017 the potential distribution of cassava mealybug phenacoccus manihoti, a threat to food security for the poor article pdf available in plos one 123. The potential distribution of cassava mealybug phenacoccus manihoti, a threat to food security for the poor. A very similar species, phenacoccus herreni, is also common on cassava, but is yellow. To establish an integrated pest management program, information about the biology of pest.
Pdf first record of cassava mealybug, phenacoccus manihoti. Phenacoccus manihoti an overview sciencedirect topics. To support management decisions, this article reports recent distribution records, and estimates the climatic suitability for its regional spread using a climex distribution. Alternate host plants of phenacoccus manihoti matile ferrero homoptera. An phenacoccus solenopsis in nahilalakip ha genus nga phenacoccus, ngan familia nga pseudococcidae. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. The accidental introductions of two cassava pests from south america the cassava mealybug, phenacoccus manihoti, and the cassava green mite, mononychellus tanajoa have resulted in serious losses in cassava production as neither of these pests faced the competition and parasitoids of their native range. Effect of invasive pest phenacoccus manihoti matile. Phenotypic variation and identification of phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. First record of ashwagandha as a new host to the invasive mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley in india. General information about phenacoccus manihoti phenma this website uses cookies our website uses cookies to ensure that we give you the. Pdf the cassava mealybug phenacoccus manihoti in asia. Landscape context does not constrain biological control of.
Phenacoccus solenopsis phensooverview eppo global database. The editors encourage contributions that use applied ecological problems to test and develop basic ecological theory, although there must be clear potential for improving management. The general body color is yellowish to light gray with a conspicuous dusting of powdery white wax figures 1 and 2. Cassava mealybug, phenacoccus manihoti matileferrero hemiptera. Thirteen alternate host plants of phenacoccus manihoti were identified during a field survey of cassava plots in ibadan, nigeria. Within 15 years of its discovery, it had invaded most of west and central africa and was spreading to the east. Formicidae, were found attending cassava mealybug, phenacoccus manihoti matileferrero. First record of cassava mealybug, phenacoccus manihoti. Two years later it was present in central america, the caribbean and ecuador. The globally invasive cassava mealybug phenacoccus manihoti matileferrero is a pernicious pest of cassava, and its recent introduction into asia has raised. The potential distribution of cassava mealybug phenacoccus. Presentation mode open print download current view. Phenacoccus is a genus of mealybugs in the family pseudococcidae.
For this reason, studies on the most common cultivated. First record of the invasive pest pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi. Pdf genetic variation of cassava mealybug, phenacoccus. Alternate host plants of phenacoccus manihoti matile. As it feeds on many different plants, it is not recommended as a biocontrol agent. Biological characteristics of the cassava mealybug. Sustained biological control of the cassava mealybugphenacoccus manihoti hom pseudococcidae byepidinocarsis. In the early 1970s, the mealybug phenacoccus manihoti matileferrero was accidentally introduced from south america to africa where it spread and became the. Food web of insects associated with the cassava mealybug.
There are at least 180 described species in phenacoccus. Pseudococcidae, one of the most serious pests of cassava worldwide, has recently reached asia, raising significant concern over its potential spread throughout the region. Categorization of phenacoccus manihoti phenma this website uses cookies our website uses cookies to ensure that we give you the best possible online experience. The impact of phenacoccus manihoti matileferrero on growth and tuber yield of cassava, and. Ant densities were much higher in the rain forest than in the savanna and, in most zones, positively.
An phenacoccus manihoti in nahilalakip ha genus nga phenacoccus, ngan familia nga pseudococcidae. Impact assessment of the biological control of the cassava. Pseudococcidae, the cassava mealybug essien, rosemary anietie 1, odebiyi, johnson adebayo 2 and ekanem, mfon sunday 3 1department of crop science, akwa ibom state university, p. Ang phenacoccus manihoti sakop sa kahenera nga phenacoccus sa kabanay nga pseudococcidae. The host plants were screened in the laboratory to determine their attractiveness to p. It established in 26 african countries, causing a satisfactory reduction in the population density of p. Cassava mealybug, phenacoccus manihoti matileferrero. Relationship between population and intensity of cassava. Biological control of the cassava mealybug, phenacoccus manihoti, by the exotic parasitoid epidinocarsis lopezi in africa. We do not use these to store personal information about you. Pseudococcidae has a wide geographical distribution with its origin in central america fuchs et al. It is of neotropical origin and has invaded throughout america and in parts of asia, africa and. In 2008, the cassava mealybug, phenacoccus manihoti homoptera. Nov 29, 2015 this page was last edited on 29 november 2015, at 10.
Spinosad and spirotetramat controlled the pest and caused the least reduction in parasitization by natural enemies. Pseudococcidae feeds by sucking the sap of cassava plants, causing damage directly by sucking the sap and contaminating the plant with its toxic saliva and indirectly by favoring the development of sooty molds. Matileferrero, 1978 and congo democratic republic hahn and williams, 1973. Phenacoccus parvus, a mealy bug, was introduced accidentally as a contaminant on imported plants. There are at least 180 described species in phenacoccus see also. An phenacoccus manihoti in uska species han insecta nga ginhulagway ni matileferrero hadton 1977. Phenacoccus manihoti matileferrero pseudococcidae, the cassava mealybug.
The insect was introduced into australia accidentally in 1988. Population abundance of pink mealybug, phenacoccus manihoti on four cassava varieties pheophanh soysouvanh1 and nutcharee siri1 abstract. The pdf file you selected should load here if your web browser has a pdf reader plugin installed for example, a recent version of adobe acrobat reader if you would like more information about how to print, save, and work with pdfs, highwire press provides a helpful frequently asked questions about pdfs. Interspecific host discrimination and competition in. Continuing to use this website means you agree to our use of cookies. Read interspecific host discrimination and competition in apoanagyrus epidinocarsis lopezi and a. Pseudococcidae is an invasive pest native to south america. Niche models, such as climex, are useful tools to indicate where and when such threats may extend, and can assist with planning for biosecurity and the management of pest invasions. It soon became an important pest, and methods to control it became a topic of interest. The cassava mealybug, phenacoccus manihoti matileferrero hemiptera. Biological control of the cassava mealybug in africa. The pdf file you selected should load here if your web browser has a pdf reader plugin installed for example, a recent version of adobe acrobat reader if you would like more information about how to print, save, and work with pdfs, highwire press provides a helpful frequently asked questions about pdfs alternatively, you can download the pdf file directly to your computer.
Phenacoccus madeirensis differs by having cerariilike aggregations on thorax and head only and by having dorsal multilocular disk pores absent from the mediolateral areas of the thorax. Attention was focused on the testing behavior of three plants of the manihot genus incoza, mpembe and fauxcaoutchouc and a weed of the cassava fields talinum. Cassava mealybug spread across the width of africa in a period of 16 years. Nila wardani, aunu rauf, i wayan winasa, sugeng santoso.
General information about phenacoccus solenopsis phenso. Speciesspecific coi primers for rapid identification of a globally. An phenacoccus solenopsis in uska species han insecta nga ginhulagway ni richard c. On the problems in diagnostics of cotton mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. In surveys of cassava fields in the coastal savanna and rain forest zones of ghana, eight species of ants, mostly in the genera camponotus, crematogaster and pheidole hymenoptera. Pdf the potential distribution of cassava mealybug. Pseudococcidae, a globally devastating, invasive polyphagous insect, causes great damage to many fruits, ornamentals, vegetables, and food crops worldwide. Recognition behavior of the cassava mealybug phenacoccus.
Exploration for natural enemies of the cassava mealybug. Biological control of cassava mealybug download pdf 834 kb. Pseudococcidae, in south america for the biological control of. To support management decisions, this article reports recent distribution records, and estimates the climatic suitability for its regional spread using a. Pseudococcidae, is a polyphagous pest insect native to the neotropical region that attacks a surprisingly diverse array of economically important plants gimpel and miller 1996. A cosmopolitan pest of great concern is the cassava mealybugphenacoccus manihoti hemiptera. Photographs of fieldcollected phenacoccus manihoti. Phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley references edit zhao, j.
Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Biological control of cassava mealybug phenacoccus manihoti matileferrero pseudococcidae contactsgo to all. The reproductive potential and the damages caused by ph. Four cassava varieties, kasetsart 50, huay bong 60, rayong 9 and rayong 72 were observed for mealybug in a survey that was conducted in kalasin province, khon kaen province and udon thani province from. Solenopsis mealybug in australia an overview the solenopsis mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis was originally described in new mexico in 1897. First record of cassava mealybug, phenacoccus manihoti hemiptera. Gutierrez ap, neuenschwander p, schulthess f, herren hr, baumgaertner ju, wermelinger b, loehr b, ellis ck 1988 analysis of biological control of cassava pests in africa. Tritrophic interactions between host plants, the cassava. Biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis on cotton in. Pagka karon wala pay siak nga nalista ubos niini niya. Among several natural enemies introduced to combat the cassava mealybug, phenacoccus manihoti homoptera. Pseudococcidae, the neotropical parasitoid apoanagyrus epidinocarsis lopezi hymenoptera. Effect of invasive pest phenacoccus manihoti matileferrero hemiptera. Sustained biological control of the cassava mealybug phenacoccus.
It is native to south america, but it has become naturalized throughout subsaharan africa since its inadvertent introduction into the continent in the early 1970s fig. Pseudococcidae, is one of the most severe pests of cassava manihot esculenta in the world. Read tritrophic interactions between host plants, the cassava mealybug phenacoccus manihoti matile. Phenacoccus gossypii has dorsal mediolateral multilocular disk pores on the thorax, and p. The cassava mealybug is a clear and present threat to the food security and livelihoods of some of the worlds most impoverished citizens. This page was last edited on 29 november 2015, at 10. To establish an integrated pest management program, information about. The cassava mealybug phenacoccus manihoti hemiptera.
The testing behavior and test probing which are a part of hostplant acceptance behavior were studied in p. Eighty percent of its production is concentrated in brazil. Interference by ants in biological control of the cassava. The hostspecific endophagous parasitoid anagyrus lopezi hymenoptera. Phenacoccus solenopsis is now considered to be a major economic threat to cotton in asia and other parts of the world. Accidental introduction to new territories is possible through the movement of infested living cassava material for propogative purposes through shipping or air transportmail. The pdf file you selected should load here if your web browser has a pdf reader plugin installed for example, a recent version of adobe acrobat reader if you would like more information about how to print, save, and work with pdfs, highwire press provides a helpful frequently asked questions about pdfs alternatively, you can download the pdf file directly to your computer, from where it. Georeferenced reports of phenacoccus manihoti on cassava in asia 20082012.
Phenacoccus multicerarii is a relatively large mealybug, with adult females oval in shape and measuring 3. Phenacoccus manihoti phenmacategorization eppo global. They can also contribute to bioeconomic analyses that. Journal of applied ecology publishes novel papers that apply ecological concepts, theories, models and methods to the management of biological resources in their widest sense. Exploration for natural enemies of the cassava mealybug, phenacoccus manihoti homoptera. The mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Within a few years after these first reports, the insect became the major cassava pest and spread rapidly through most of the african cassava belt.
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